SPL Token vs Token-2022: What's the Difference?
Understanding the differences between SPL Token and Token-2022 programs, including transfer fees, confidential transfers, and new extensions.
What is Token-2022?
Token-2022 (also called "Token Extensions") is the next-generation token standard on Solana. Released in 2024, it extends the original SPL Token program with powerful new features while maintaining backwards compatibility.
Think of Token-2022 as SPL Token 2.0 - it does everything the original can do, plus much more. Developers can opt into additional features as needed, making tokens more flexible and powerful.
Quick Comparison
| Feature | SPL Token | Token-2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Transfer Fees | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Confidential Transfers | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Interest-Bearing | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Non-Transferable | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Permanent Delegate | ❌ No | ✅ Yes |
| Rent Cost | ~0.002 SOL | Varies by extensions |
Key Token-2022 Extensions
Transfer Fee Extension
This extension allows tokens to charge a fee on every transfer. The fee can be:
- A percentage of the transfer amount (e.g., 1% fee)
- A fixed amount per transfer
- A combination of both
Use cases: Stablecoins with transaction fees, tokens funding development through transfers, or regulatory compliance tokens.
Important for rent reclaiming: Withheld fees must be harvested before an account can be closed. SOL Rent Claimer handles this automatically.
Confidential Transfer Extension
This extension uses zero-knowledge proofs to hide transfer amounts and balances. Only the account owner can decrypt their true balance.
Use cases: Privacy-focused tokens, payroll systems, enterprise applications where transaction amounts should be confidential.
Technical note: Confidential balances must be emptied (brought to zero) before closing the account. This requires special cryptographic proofs.
Interest-Bearing Extension
Tokens can automatically accrue interest over time. The interest rate is set by the mint authority and applied to all holders. Perfect for yield-bearing stablecoins or savings tokens.
Non-Transferable Extension
These tokens are permanently locked to the wallet that received them - they cannot be transferred or sold. Great for:
- Soulbound tokens (achievements, credentials)
- Access passes tied to specific accounts
- Reputation systems
Permanent Delegate
The mint authority can designate a permanent delegate with special powers over all token accounts. This enables:
- Recovery mechanisms for lost accounts
- Compliance and regulatory controls
- Automatic token burns or transfers
Transfer Hook Extension
Execute custom program logic on every transfer. This enables NFT royalties, dynamic taxation, whitelist enforcement, and complex DeFi mechanics.
Rent Implications
Token-2022 accounts require more storage space than SPL Token accounts because they store additional extension data. The rent cost varies based on which extensions are enabled:
- Basic Token-2022: ~0.0023 SOL (similar to SPL Token)
- With Transfer Fee: +~0.0003 SOL
- With Confidential Transfer: +~0.0015 SOL
- Multiple Extensions: Can exceed 0.004 SOL per account
This means Token-2022 accounts can lock significantly more SOL, making rent reclaiming even more valuable for active traders.
Backwards Compatibility
Token-2022 is designed to coexist with SPL Token:
- SPL Token continues to work perfectly for simple use cases
- Most wallets and DEXs support both programs
- Token-2022 can behave exactly like SPL Token if no extensions are used
- Both programs can run simultaneously on the same network
You don't need to "upgrade" from SPL Token to Token-2022. Developers choose based on whether they need the advanced features.
Closing Token-2022 Accounts
Closing Token-2022 accounts can be more complex than SPL Token accounts due to extensions:
Transfer Fee Accounts
Before closing, any withheld fees must be harvested. SOL Rent Claimer automatically executes the harvest instruction before closing these accounts.
Confidential Transfer Accounts
The confidential balance must be emptied to zero before closing. This requires generating a zero-knowledge proof, which SOL Rent Claimer handles automatically.
Basic Extensions
Other extensions like interest-bearing or metadata don't require special handling - if the balance is zero, the account can be closed normally.
Adoption Status
As of early 2025, Token-2022 adoption is growing:
- Major wallets (Phantom, Solflare) fully support Token-2022
- Most DEXs can handle basic Token-2022 tokens
- Advanced extensions (confidential transfer) have limited DeFi integration
- New projects increasingly choose Token-2022 for flexibility
- Stablecoin issuers exploring transfer fee extension for compliance
Which Should You Use?
Choose SPL Token if:
- You need a simple, battle-tested token
- Maximum compatibility is critical
- You don't need any advanced features
- Lower rent costs are important
Choose Token-2022 if:
- You need transfer fees or interest-bearing tokens
- Privacy features are required
- You want non-transferable tokens
- Advanced control and flexibility are worth slightly higher costs
SOL Rent Claimer Supports Both
Whether you have SPL Token or Token-2022 accounts, SOL Rent Claimer automatically handles the complexities. We detect extensions, harvest fees, empty confidential balances, and safely close all types of empty accounts.
Reclaim Your SOL Now →